Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects millions of children and adults worldwide. It is characterized by ongoing patterns of inattention, hyperactivity-impulsivity, or a combination of both. These symptoms can interfere with daily functioning at home, school, work, and in social settings.
Here’s a breakdown of key aspects of ADHD:
Symptoms:
- Difficulty focusing on tasks or activities
- Frequent distractions by sights or sounds
- Difficulty completing tasks or following instructions
- Losing belongings often
- Daydreaming frequently
- Difficulty staying organized
- Fidgeting or squirming
- Difficulty staying seated
- Excessive running or climbing
- Difficulty engaging in quiet activities
- Feeling restless or "on the go"
Types of ADHD:
- Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Mostly inattentive symptoms with minimal hyperactivity-impulsivity.
- Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: Mostly hyperactive-impulsive symptoms with minimal inattention.
- Combined Presentation: A combination of both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
Causes:
The exact cause of ADHD is unknown, but it’s believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors include family history of ADHD, premature birth, and exposure to environmental toxins.
Diagnosis:
Diagnosis of ADHD typically involves a comprehensive evaluation by a mental health professional, including:
- Clinical interview with the individual and their parent(s) or guardian(s)
- Rating scales completed by parents, teachers, and sometimes the individual themselves
Treatment:
There is no cure for ADHD, but there are effective treatments can manage symptoms and improve quality of life. These include:
- Medication: Stimulant medications are the most common type of medication used for ADHD. Non-stimulants are also sometimes prescribed.
- Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help individuals develop skills to improve focus, organization, and self-control.
- Psychoeducation: Education for individuals with ADHD and their families about the disorder and its management.
For more information or to schedule a TOVA test, please contact our clinic today.